touchREVIEWS in Neurology Volume 20, Issue 1, 2024

Welcome to the latest edition of touchREVIEWS in Neurology. We are excited to present a collection of articles that showcase the latest advancements and diverse perspectives in neurological research and treatment. This issue features insightful reviews and editorials from esteemed experts, providing valuable insights into modern management strategies and novel therapeutic approaches for various neurological […]

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease that can pose significant challenges in diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. Over the years, the quest for more precise and accessible diagnostic tools has led to the exploration of different fluid biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or serum. Fluid biomarkers can offer insights into the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment […]

Rescue medications are an important part of the treatment regimen for patients with intractable epilepsy, specifically those who experience seizure clusters or prolonged seizure episodes. Rescue medications are prescribed to end seizure activity quickly and effectively in order to prevent further seizure-related morbidities and prevent seizure recurrence. An ideal rescue medication is stable at room […]

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with a worldwide distribution.1 The first clinical description of NMOSD was made a century ago by Devic and Gault, who documented patients with monophasic and bilateral optic neuritis (ON) and myelitis.2 A few decades ago, NMOSD was considered a variant […]

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a group of relapsing autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system. The clinical hallmarks of NMOSD are myelitis and optic neuritis; however, a wider clinical spectrum has been recognized.1 The majority of patients with NMOSD exhibit pathogenic immunoglobulin G autoantibodies against the astrocytic water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4).2 While the understanding of […]

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, with its incidence increasing globally.1 With disease progression, the benefit from medications shortens, and symptom control becomes strictly dependent on peripheral levodopa (L-dopa) levels, leading to the development of daily fluctuations of motor and non-motor symptoms severity and L-dopa-induced […]

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by prodromal and clinical stages; the clinical phase is characterized by a constellation of motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS).1 Despite the extensive discussions and publications of the clinical heterogeneity of PD,2 the precise heterogeneous pathological mechanisms, the natural history of PD and the progression pattern of many NMS remain unclear.3–7 There have also […]

Introduction The term ‘stroke’ is used to describe an adverse clinical state involving interference of blood circulation to the brain due to obstruction or rupture of blood vessels.1 Stroke was previously categorized into a cardiovascular disorder until the release of the International Classification of Disease 11 (ICF-11) in 2018, when stroke was recognized as a neurological […]