Neurosurgery

Intracranial radiosurgery, no matter the means or methods of administration, is predicated on a core set of principles, including head immobilization and precise delineation of the treatment target. For some five decades after Leksell introduced the concept of stereotactic radiosurgery in 1951,1 rigid head fixation via an invasive device was an integral component towards these ends. […]

Studying cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is essential for diagnosing many central nervous system (CNS) diseases, including infection, inflammation and malignancy. Lumbar puncture is a relatively safe and routinely performed procedure for extracting CSF.1 In this review, we summarize the essential CSF flow dynamics, common indications and contraindications for lumbar puncture, and describe the procedures to rule out […]

Infections and their prevention have long been a significant concern for surgeons around the world. Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a considerable burden for both patients and providers alike, as they often result in significant morbidity and mortality, as well as high costs to healthcare systems. In the United States, SSIs have been identified as […]

Cerebral cavernous malformations are commonly found in deep regions of the brain, such as the thalamus and brainstem.1 While posing a significant risk of hemorrage,2 they also present a surgical challenge as the rates of morbidity and mortality are high.1,3 In patients with brain blood vessel malformations, planning the safest approach to surgery is critical. […]

Recently released guidelines on the use of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) include guidance on starting, switching, and stopping treatment. The guidelines, which were produced by a multidisciplinary panel and endorsed by the Multiple Sclerosis Association of America and the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, were presented at the American Academy of […]

The importance of recognizing and including cognition as a key factor to consider when ensuring comprehensive care for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) cannot be over emphasized. Unfortunately, despite it being accepted as a common symptom, cognitive function in MS is still not openly discussed, routinely assessed, or optimally treated. In an expert interview, Rosalind […]

  There has been an explosion of data in the field of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), not only from clinical studies but also studies that generate hypotheses and opportunities that may accelerate drug development. In order to make optimal use of these data, scientists must share findings across organizations and countries. While many researchers recognize the […]