EUROPEAN NEUROLOGICAL REVIEW – VOLUME 7 ISSUE 4 – WINTER 2012

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterised by progressive memory deficits and other cognitive disturbances. Neuropathologically, AD is characterised by synaptic deficits, progressive loss of neocortical, limbic and basal forebrain cholinergic neurons and the abnormal extracellular accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and the intracellular aggregation of the cytoskeletal protein tau. Currently available AD […]

Abstract A heavy burden of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) is a risk factor for stroke and vascular cognitive impairment making it important to understand their pathophysiology, aetiology and clinical implications. Ageing studies suggest a linear relationship between blood pressure (BP) and both WMH and microstructural integrity in normal-appearing white matter and, after age, hypertension is […]

Abstract The management of aggressive pituitary tumours remains a challenge, however, the recent identification of temozolomide as a chemotherapeutic agent with significant efficacy against these tumours has heralded a new therapeutic era. There has been an exponential growth in the international experience with temozolomide over the past five years, now totalling 50 published cases. Overall, […]

Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is one of the most common forms of paediatric epilepsy, accounting for between 10 and 17 % of all cases of childhood onset epilepsies.1 CAE is defined by age-related onset, clinical and electrographical characteristics, and a presumed genetic aetiology.2 The syndrome typically begins at between four and eight years of age […]

Abstract Since the advent of triptans over two decades ago, progress on new therapeutics for headache management has seemingly slowed as few new lines of care have become available. With major advances in the understanding of headache disorder neurobiology, new therapies are on the horizon. This article will review novel delivery systems of familiar medications […]

Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is a unique neuromodulation modality that is rapidly gaining popularity for a variety of clinical conditions. Despite its straightforward nature, the modality has been for a long time treated as a ‘stepchild’ of the neuromodulation field, yielding the spotlight to the more ubiquitous spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and the more elegant […]