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Pavel Burko, Ilias Miltiadis, Mahsa Alavi

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons, which ultimately leads to muscle weakness, atrophy, spasticity and contractures.1 ALS typically manifests in the 50–60 years age range, although familial cases may present in late adolescence or early adulthood.2 The time from the first symptom to diagnosis is approximately 10–16 […]

Treatment Options for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis:Brenda Banwell, MD

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Published Online: May 6th 2014

Brenda Banwell, MD, Chief, Division of Neurology, Professor of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, said that there are 3 areas of treatment associated with pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS). The first is the treatment of the acute attack. The acute attack, or relapse, is treated the same in both pediatric and adult cases with corticosteroids or immunoglobulin. The second treatment area is chronic multiple sclerosis where first-line therapies are utilized like Interferon beta 1a, Interferon beta 1b, and glatiramer acetate. Finally, there is escalation therapy, which can be treated with natalizumab. International consensus guidelines and shared care models are used by clinicians to treat patients because there are no clinical trials for the treatment of pediatric MS today.

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